The ARMOR consists of a high-quality acrylic binder, an original developed composition of catalysts and fixators, ceramic ultra-thin microspheres with discharged air. In addition to the basic composition, special additives are introduced into the material, which exclude the appearance of corrosion on the metal surface and the formation of fungus in conditions of high humidity on concrete surfaces. This combination makes the material light, flexible, stretchable, with excellent adhesion to the surfaces to be coated. The material is similar in consistency to ordinary paint, it is a white suspension that can be applied to any surface. After drying, an elastic polymer coating is formed, which has unique thermal insulation properties compared to traditional insulators and provides anti-corrosion protection. The uniqueness of the insulating properties of the Armor is the result of intense molecular exposure to rarefied air located in hollow spheres. The armor is fully certified and meets the stated characteristics.
As you know, the thermal conductivity of air is small - 0.0262 W / mK, and it is a good "thermal" insulator.
However, the thermal conductivity of ceramic spheres with discharged air is known - no more than 0.00083 W/mK (Physical quantities. Guide. Moscow. Energoizdat. 1991 Table 15.28, page 361). The content of microscopic ceramic spheres in the Armor material ranges from 75% to 90%, depending on the modification.
How does the material work from the point of view of thermophysics?
To begin with, there are three ways to transfer heat:
1. Thermal conductivity is the transfer of heat in a solid due to the kinetic energy of molecules and atoms from a more heated to a less heated part of the body.
2. Convection is the transfer of heat in liquids, gases, and bulk media by the flows of the substance itself.
3. Radiant heat exchange (thermal radiation) is electromagnetic radiation emitted by a substance and arising due to its internal energy.
Thermodynamics is a science that studies the laws of mutual transformation and energy transfer. The result of these processes is a temperature equilibrium in the entire system.
The method and efficiency by which the insulating material blocks the redistribution of heat, i.e. the process of temperature equilibrium, and determines the quality of insulation.
Heat transfer is a convective or radiant heat exchange between the surface of a solid and the environment. The intensity of this heat exchange is characterized by a heat transfer coefficient.
Liquid ceramic thermal insulation material Armor is a complex, multi-level structure in which all three methods of heat transfer are minimized.
Ceramic thermal insulator Armor on average 80% consists of microspheres, respectively, only 20% of the binder can conduct heat due to its thermal conductivity. The other part of the heat is accounted for by convection and radiation, and since the microsphere contains discharged air (it was written above about its thermal conductivity), the heat loss is not great. Moreover, due to its structure, the material has a low heat transfer from the surface, which plays a crucial role in its thermophysics.
Thus, it is necessary to separate two terms: Insulation and Heat insulator, because in these materials the physics of the heat transfer process is different:
- insulation - the principle of operation is based on the thermal conductivity of the material (min. plate)
- the heat insulator is based more on the physics of waves.